Emerging Trends in Manufacturing Science and Engineering

This book presents a comprehensive overview of recent advances in materials science, manufacturing technologies, corrosion engineering, nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, and sustainable energy systems. It brings together contributions from leading researchers and academicians, offering readers a multidisciplinary perspective on emerging innovations that are shaping the future of advanced engineering materials and sustainable industrial applications. The opening chapter explores the engineering of high-performance aluminium hybrid nanocomposites through powder metallurgy, highlighting processing techniques, microstructural evolution, and their influence on mechanical and tribological properties. The second chapter examines the complex morphological transitions of viscoelastic fluid flow past a sphere in a cylindrical domain, providing valuable insights into fluid mechanics relevant to chemical, biomedical, and process engineering. Recognizing the global transition toward clean energy, the third chapter discusses hydrogen as a sustainable energy carrier, addressing production methods, storage technologies, utilization pathways, and the technical, economic, and environmental challenges associated with establishing a hydrogen-based economy. The book further explores the rapidly evolving field of smart materials through an in-depth discussion of nanomaterial-based intelligent coatings for corrosion protection. Emphasis is placed on self-healing mechanisms, multifunctional nanostructures, and environmentally sustainable coating technologies that extend the service life of engineering components. Artificial intelligence has become an indispensable tool in modern engineering research. A dedicated chapter presents the latest developments in AI-driven corrosion prediction, demonstrating how machine learning, deep learning, and data analytics are transforming corrosion monitoring, predictive maintenance, and infrastructure management across diverse industrial sectors. The final chapter focuses on friction stir welding of aluminium alloys, covering the fundamental principles of the process, material flow behaviour, process parameters, microstructural characteristics, mechanical performance, and recent technological advancements that have expanded its applications in aerospace, automotive, marine, and structural engineering. By integrating both fundamental concepts and state-of-the-art research, this volume serves as a valuable reference for researchers, faculty members, postgraduate students, industrial professionals, and engineers working in materials science, mechanical engineering, metallurgy, manufacturing, corrosion engineering, nanotechnology, and sustainable energy. The book not only summarizes current knowledge but also identifies emerging research directions and technological opportunities, making it an essential resource for advancing innovation in modern engineering and materials research.